Content (Syllabus outline)
Sources of genetic variation, genebanks, analysis of genetic diversity of accessions. Principal characteristics of breeding self- and cross-pollinated crops and of vegetatively propagated species. Procedures for obtaining homozygous lines, chromosome doubling, advantages of the use of (doubled)haploids in breeding and genetics. Homozygous lines as varieties or components of hybrid cultivars. Ploidy and homozygocity testing. Hybrids: advantages and alternative options for seed production (incompatibility, CMS,. GMS, transgenesis). Polyploidy. Induced mutations, TILLING, somaclonal variation. Interspecific hybridization –in vitro embryo rescue procedures and protoplast fusions. Genetic marker assisted breeding.
Methods of genetic transformation of plants: optimization of protocols, alternatives, novel approaches to genetic transformation and their regulation. Novel gene insertions or induced gene silencing (iRNA). Nuclear vs. plastid transformation.
Omics technologies in plants. Plant model organisms. Structural genomics andanalysis in silico (genome structure, genomic sequences, databases, identification of genes in silico, identification of genes by the candidate genes). Differential analysis of gene expression: transcriptomics and proteomics. Functional analysis of candidate genes (mutations, complementation, over-expression).
Prerequisites
Requirements for enrolment:
- Enrollment in the appropriate year of the study program.
Terms of Prerequisites:
- completed practicals
- completed colloquium
- completed seminar
- completed exam