Content (Syllabus outline)

Introduction to botany, its disciplines and its importance for forestry.

Morphology: The cell-basic unit of life. Elemental and molecular composition of plant cell; mineral nutrition of plants.Protoplast: cytosol, biomembranes and cell compartementisation, cell organelles. Plastids-photosynthesis.Mitochondria- cell respiration. Ergastic substances: vacuoles (osmosis, turgor, water potential), cell wall. Nucleus, mitosis, meiosis.

Protists, thalophytes, cormophytes. Metagenesis.

Morphology-histology.

Development of plant tissues, criteria for their classification. Meristems (primary, secondary meristems and meristemoids). Permanent tissues: parenchyma, boundary, absorptive, supporting, conducting tissues. Mycorrhiza and other symbioses.

Morphology and anatomy of  cormus.

Stem development, growth and ramification.Primary structure. Vascular cambium and secondary growth.  Wood as secondary xylem, heartwood formation; bast and rhytidome. Leaf: development, growth, structure and  types of leaves. Root: development, growth, primary structure and ramification. Secondary root growth. Life forms of  higher plant plants and adaptation to the environment.

Propagation and dispersion of plants: sexual and asexual, metagenesis. Sporangia, gametangia, flower, fruit, seed, germination. Coevolution of plants, animals and fungi.

Plant physiology

Plants as photoautotrophs. Primary and secundary metabolismus; photosynthesis, respiration and  mineral nutrition of plants; plant water regime, growt and development and their regulation.

Systematics –Taxonomy

Foundamentals of determination, nomeclature and  classification of organisms; historical overview of  systems. Species and cultivar. Organisational types and phylogenetic groups of plants and fungi. Overview of the main groups of  procarionts, algae, fungi and higher plants. Learning of forest flora from characteristic forest ecosystems of Slovenia.

Prerequisites

1. Condition for inclusion in the work:

- Inscription to adequate academic year

 

2. Condition for performing study obligations:

- Compulsory attendance of laboratory courses

- Compulsory attendance of  field work

- From plants collected  in field trips student has to  elaborate a herbarium.

- Before exam student has to pass partial exams from laboratory course

- Pass 2 exams of  plant knowledge