Content (Syllabus outline)
Introduction to genetics, nature of genetic information and new approaches in biological research.
Transmission genetics in studies of inheritance: Single-gene inheritance (chromosomal and molecular basis of inheritance patterns, sex-linked gene inheritance, human pedigree analysis). Independent assortment of genes, polygenic inheritance, organelle genes. Mapping eukaryote chromosomes by recombination, molecular mechanism of crossing-over. Gene interactions (variation in dominance, interaction of genes in pathways). The genetics of bacteria and their viruses: conjugation, transformation, transduction and mapping of bacterial chromosome.
From DNA to phenotype: Large scale chromosomal changes (changes in number and structure). DNA structure and replication. Transcription and processing (RNA molecules, RNA synthesis, transcription in eukaryotes, splicing mechanism, small functional RNAs). Proteins and their synthesis (protein structure, genetic code, transfer RNA, ribosome, translation, proteome). Gene isolation and manipulation (isolation and amplification of specific DNA fragments, gene cloning, Southern and Northern blot analysis). Regulation of gene expression in bacteria and their viruses (principal of gene regulation, discovery of lac system – negative and positive contro, metabolic pathways and additional levels of regulation, alternative sigma factors, bacteriophag life cycles)
Prerequisites
Requirements for enrolment:
Enrolment in the 1st year of the study program.
Terms of Prerequisites:
No prerequisites.