Acronym

V4-2204

Department:

Department of Agronomy

Type of project

ARIS projects

Type of project

CRP - Our food, countryside and natural resources

Role

Lead

Financing

Slovenian Research And Innovation Agency Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food

Duration

01.10.2022 - 30.09.2025

Total

€179,999.64

Project manager at BF

Rusjan Denis

Abstract

In recent decades, viticulture or grape production has been experiencing increasing biotic pressures caused by cane yolks, wood diseases, bacterial diseases and, last but not least, viruses and viroids, which individually or collectively cause serious economic damage, especially (i) reduce yields, (ii) ) change the chemical and sensory quality of grapes and wine, (iii) cause developmental and morphological deformations of vine organs and more. In recent years, we have witnessed the massive, alarming occurrence of golden cane yellow in northeastern Slovenia and wood disease (ESCA) in all wine-growing countries of Slovenia and last but not least by scientific institutions (ULBF, KIS) confirmation of new viruses and viroids) in Slovenia. It is not possible to stop or control all listed diseases or pathogens with phytopharmaceutical (PPP) measures, so prevention (prophylaxis, prevention) and planting of uninfected vegetative propagating and planting material is of key and unique importance for sustainable grape production. At the level of reed production, new measures and techniques should be put into practice to reduce the incidence and spread of diseases (pathogens), while checking their partial and complex effectiveness against diseases and the impact on viability of vine propagating material and conservation potential and acceptability. measures in the context of reed production. Currently in Slovenia we are self-sufficient with vine grafts, but diseases such as golden cane yellow caused by quarantine phytoplasma GFD can change the situation quickly, especially by banning the movement of vine seedlings, cuttings or rootstocks due to non-compliance with special requirements for movements. in Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072 set at EU level. It should be noted that thermotherapy (TT) or treatment with hot water in accordance with the EPPO standard PM 10/16 is often exposed and already well researched reed measure against some pathogens, such as. phytoplasma GFD and bacterium X. f., but its effectiveness depends on many factors, such as the "concentration" of the pathogen, variety and plant part (stem, sapling, eye, etc.), age and origin of vegetative material, especially related to growing conditions mother vines and more. In addition, improper treatment can affect the viability of the vine material. It has been shown that the duration and temperature of TT must be adapted to the pathogen and, last but not least, the variety and growing conditions of the parent vines, as vines in hotter growing conditions should be treated with higher TT temperature and for longer time as vegetative material from colder areas. The Ivanjkovci and Vrhpolje Breeding and Reed Breeding Centers already have suitable equipment for the implementation of TT, but only for smaller, experimental quantities of propagating material. For the proposed project, modern technologies for the treatment and prevention of vegetative propagating material of vine varieties grown in the Republic of Slovenia would be introduced and, above all, adapted. The research would first focus on the introduction and adaptation of thermotherapy of grafts and rootstocks and verification of the effectiveness of TT according to variety and pathogens (adjustment of duration and temperature), also in accordance with international standards such as EPPO standard PM 10/16. health status of vegetative material before and after TT by official diagnostic methods (phytoplasmas, fungi, viruses and viroids) of the vine. In the Republic of Slovenia we still do not have sufficient experience with the implementation of TT against various pathogens, including some controlled non-quarantine pests (jaundice, fungi, viruses, vine aphids) in various varieties and mixed infections, as well as regardless of vine treatment methods (micrografting and cryotherapy), in case of poorer TT efficacy. It would also be possible to check the possibility of buying or possibilities of home production of suitable equipment - tanks, mixers, etc. suitable for treating large quantities of propagating material in reed plants.

 

Researchers

 

The phases of the project and their realization

Work plan:

I. Months to end of 2022 and beginning of 2023 - data collection of previous analyses, selection of vines for the experiment and detailed analysis with PCR-RT for pathogens (4 months),

II. February-March 2023: Sampling, cutting and preparation of propagation material (grafts, rootstocks) (2 months)

III April 2023: Preparation of material, thermotherapy and grafting (1 month)

IV. May-October 2023: Production of grafts in the field and cuttings in the greenhouse (incubator) (6 months)

V. November 2023: Excavation and classification of the grafts (1 month)

VI December 2023 - February 2024: PCR-RT analyses of all the grafts obtained (3 months)

VII March 2024 - December 2024: elimination of viruses (air thermotherapy, tissue culture, micro-grafting, growing vines in cardboard) and maintenance of the remaining cuttings (10 months)

VIII. December 2024 - August 2025: acquisition of healthy plants, maintenance of cuttings and recovery of sufficiently strong plants and material for further propagation - acquisition of healthy, disease-free seedlings for users (9 months)

IX. August 2025: Preparation of technological instructions for the implementation of thermotherapy and elimination of pathogens in grapevine.

 

Project partners